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The 2010 Hazardous and Noxious Substances (HNS) Convention sets out a liability regime to compensate for damage caused by incidents involving HNS transported by sea.

Action at the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to regulate emissions from fuel production, and to consider all types of greenhouse gases (GHGs) — not just CO₂ — is moving slowly and not receiving much attention. But these regulatory details are probably more important than the headline-grabbing move to target net-zero GHG emissions by 2050. Here’s why.

Efforts to reduce emissions from ships – including stricter regulations about marine fuels’ allowable level of sulphur – are curbing the use of heavy fuel oil (HFO) in the marine shipping industry.

Abandoned and derelict vessels pose significant risks to marine safety and have both economic and environmental impacts on local communities.