{"id":29150,"date":"2026-10-28T09:20:38","date_gmt":"2026-10-28T16:20:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/insights\/sharks-and-ship-routes\/"},"modified":"2026-10-28T13:05:57","modified_gmt":"2026-10-28T20:05:57","slug":"les-requins-et-les-navires","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/fr\/insights\/les-requins-et-les-navires\/","title":{"rendered":"Les requins et les navires : l\u2019augmentation de la pr\u00e9sence des grands requins blancs en Nouvelle-\u00c9cosse et le chevauchement avec les routes maritimes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A<\/strong>utrice : Destiney Brown, M\u00e9tisse (Alberta), Programme de stages autochtones<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" class=\"opener\">En juillet 2026, un grand requin blanc m\u00e2le de 4 m\u00e8tres et pesant 580 kg a \u00e9t\u00e9 retrouv\u00e9 mort sur une plage pr\u00e8s de Pictou, en Nouvelle-\u00c9cosse. La n\u00e9cropsie n\u2019a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 aucune cause \u00e9vidente de d\u00e9c\u00e8s.<sup data-fn=\"607bd6e7-2328-4e15-a06c-1d482bfe2374\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#607bd6e7-2328-4e15-a06c-1d482bfe2374\" id=\"607bd6e7-2328-4e15-a06c-1d482bfe2374-link\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La pollution associ\u00e9e au transport maritime pourrait-elle \u00eatre en cause?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u2019est une hypoth\u00e8se \u00e0 prendre au s\u00e9rieux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les requins dans les corridors de navigation maritime<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les corridors de navigation le long de la c\u00f4te atlantique recoupent les zones d\u2019alimentation des requins, ce qui rend particuli\u00e8rement pr\u00e9occupantes les questions li\u00e9es au bruit sous-marin et \u00e0 l\u2019exposition aux microplastiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a href=\"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Shark-Map-NS.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download>T\u00e9l\u00e9charger la carte<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1833\" height=\"704\" src=\"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Shark-Map-Full.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-29138\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Shark-Map-Full.png 1833w, https:\/\/clearseas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Shark-Map-Full-600x230.png 600w, https:\/\/clearseas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Shark-Map-Full-765x294.png 765w, https:\/\/clearseas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Shark-Map-Full-1024x393.png 1024w, https:\/\/clearseas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Shark-Map-Full-1536x590.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1833px) 100vw, 1833px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(La carte est en anglais seulement)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comment la pollution li\u00e9e au transport maritime affecte-t-elle les grands requins blancs?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les requins sont touch\u00e9s \u00e0 la fois par les contaminants chimiques pr\u00e9sents dans l\u2019oc\u00e9an et par le bruit sous-marin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La contamination chimique peut notamment comprendre :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Les m\u00e9taux lourds :<\/strong> le mercure, le plomb et d\u2019autres m\u00e9taux lourds peuvent nuire au fonctionnement neurologique, ralentir la croissance et affaiblir le syst\u00e8me immunitaire.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Les polluants organiques persistants (POP) :<\/strong> des substances comme les BPC (biph\u00e9nyles polychlor\u00e9s) et le DDT (dichlorodiph\u00e9nyltrichloro\u00e9thane) sont reconnues comme des perturbateurs endocriniens qui peuvent d\u00e9r\u00e9gler le syst\u00e8me hormonal et compromettre la reproduction.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pourquoi la contamination chimique affecte-t-elle particuli\u00e8rement les requins?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bioaccumulation :<\/strong> ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne d\u00e9signe l\u2019accumulation graduelle de toxines dans l\u2019organisme d\u2019un animal au cours de sa vie. Les grands requins blancs ont une longue esp\u00e9rance de vie, ce qui les rend particuli\u00e8rement vuln\u00e9rables \u00e0 l\u2019accumulation de polluants tels que les m\u00e9taux lourds, les pesticides et les polluants organiques persistants (POP).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bioamplification :<\/strong> ce processus correspond \u00e0 l\u2019augmentation de la concentration de toxines \u00e0 mesure qu\u2019on remonte la cha\u00eene alimentaire. En tant que pr\u00e9dateurs au sommet de cette cha\u00eene, les requins consomment des proies qui ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 accumul\u00e9 des contaminants. Chaque repas augmente davantage la concentration de ces substances dans leur organisme, ce qui entra\u00eene des niveaux de contamination beaucoup plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s que chez les esp\u00e8ces occupant des niveaux trophiques inf\u00e9rieurs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les cons\u00e9quences de cette accumulation peuvent \u00eatre graves et affecter leur syst\u00e8me immunitaire, leurs capacit\u00e9s reproductrices ainsi que leurs fonctions neurologiques.<sup data-fn=\"2eb517af-fb0b-4451-87c5-e50c7570fd6d\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#2eb517af-fb0b-4451-87c5-e50c7570fd6d\" id=\"2eb517af-fb0b-4451-87c5-e50c7570fd6d-link\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La pollution sonore g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e par le trafic maritime peut \u00e9galement nuire aux grands requins blancs de plusieurs fa\u00e7ons :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Perturbation de la communication :<\/strong> le bruit sous-marin peut interf\u00e9rer avec leur capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 communiquer entre eux, ce qui peut avoir des r\u00e9percussions sur les comportements li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019accouplement et aux interactions sociales.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Masquage des sons produits par les proies :<\/strong> les requins utilisent leur audition pour rep\u00e9rer leurs proies. Un niveau de bruit excessif peut masquer les sons associ\u00e9s aux sources de nourriture potentielles et rendre la chasse plus difficile.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Stress et d\u00e9placement :<\/strong> l\u2019exposition \u00e0 des bruits intenses peut provoquer du stress et pousser les requins \u00e0 \u00e9viter certains secteurs, perturbant ainsi leurs d\u00e9placements migratoires et leur acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des zones d\u2019alimentation importantes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Autrice<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"team-member\" data-aos=\"fade-up\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"338\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Destiney-Brown-338x600.jpeg\" class=\"team-member__photo wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Destiney-Brown-338x600.jpeg 338w, https:\/\/clearseas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Destiney-Brown-576x1024.jpeg 576w, https:\/\/clearseas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Destiney-Brown-768x1365.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/clearseas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Destiney-Brown-864x1536.jpeg 864w, https:\/\/clearseas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Destiney-Brown-1152x2048.jpeg 1152w, https:\/\/clearseas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Destiney-Brown.jpeg 1170w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 338px) 100vw, 338px\" \/>\t\t<div class=\"team-member__content\">\n\t\t<h3 class=\"team-member__name\">Destiney Brown<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"team-member__position\">Stagiaire autochtone<\/h6>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/h2>\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-footnotes\"><li id=\"607bd6e7-2328-4e15-a06c-1d482bfe2374\">CBC (28 juillet 2026). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/nova-scotia\/large-great-white-shark-found-dead-on-nova-scotia-beach-cause-of-death-a-mystery-9.7287502\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/nova-scotia\/large-great-white-shark-found-dead-on-nova-scotia-beach-cause-of-death-a-mystery-9.7287502\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Un grand requin blanc retrouv\u00e9 mort sur une plage de la Nouvelle-\u00c9cosse, une cause de d\u00e9c\u00e8s toujours inexpliqu\u00e9e<\/a>. <a href=\"#607bd6e7-2328-4e15-a06c-1d482bfe2374-link\" aria-label=\"Aller \u00e0 la note de bas de page 1\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"2eb517af-fb0b-4451-87c5-e50c7570fd6d\">Gale, J. (1 mars 2026). <a href=\"https:\/\/iere.org\/how-are-great-white-sharks-affected-by-pollution\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Quels sont les effets de la pollution sur les grands requins blancs?<\/a> The Institute for Environmental Research and Education <a href=\"#2eb517af-fb0b-4451-87c5-e50c7570fd6d-link\" aria-label=\"Aller \u00e0 la note de bas de page 2\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Destiney Brown, M\u00e9tisse de l\u2019Alberta, a men\u00e9 une recherche sur les effets potentiels de la pollution li\u00e9e au transport maritime sur les requins dans les eaux canadiennes, en s\u2019int\u00e9ressant \u00e0 la fois \u00e0 l\u2019exposition aux contaminants et au bruit sous-marin. Elle a \u00e9galement cr\u00e9\u00e9 une carte r\u00e9pertoriant les observations de requins dans les zones o\u00f9 les activit\u00e9s maritimes sont importantes le long de la c\u00f4te de la Nouvelle-\u00c9cosse.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":29137,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":"","client_tools_sitemap_exclude":"","footnotes":"[{\"content\":\"CBC (28 juillet 2026). <a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/nova-scotia\/large-great-white-shark-found-dead-on-nova-scotia-beach-cause-of-death-a-mystery-9.7287502\\\" data-type=\\\"link\\\" data-id=\\\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/nova-scotia\/large-great-white-shark-found-dead-on-nova-scotia-beach-cause-of-death-a-mystery-9.7287502\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">Un grand requin blanc retrouv\u00e9 mort sur une plage de la Nouvelle-\u00c9cosse, une cause de d\u00e9c\u00e8s toujours inexpliqu\u00e9e<\/a>.\",\"id\":\"607bd6e7-2328-4e15-a06c-1d482bfe2374\"},{\"content\":\"Gale, J. (1 mars 2026). <a href=\\\"https:\/\/iere.org\/how-are-great-white-sharks-affected-by-pollution\/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">Quels sont les effets de la pollution sur les grands requins blancs?<\/a> The Institute for Environmental Research and Education\",\"id\":\"2eb517af-fb0b-4451-87c5-e50c7570fd6d\"}]","hide_in_latest":false,"hide_from_sidebar_and_query_loops":false,"webinar_post":[],"webinar_button_text":"","clear_seas_event":null,"multi-day_event":false,"event_date":"","event_end_date":"","event_start_time":"","event_end_time":"","event_timezone":"","event_type":"","event_link":"","event_link_text":"","event_link_to_external":false,"event_resource_link":[],"event_resource_link_text":"","post_pdf":0,"infographic_link":"","post_report_pdf":0,"research_project":[],"it_posts_list":[],"interactive_tool_url":{"title":"","url":"","target":""}},"categories":[1017,1018,1019],"tags":[],"insight_type":[76],"class_list":["post-29150","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-impacts-environnementaux-du-transport-maritime","category-pollution-et-dechets-lies-au-transport","category-reconciliation-et-savoirs-traditionnels","insight_type-articles-fr"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29150","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29150"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29150\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29235,"href":"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29150\/revisions\/29235"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29137"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29150"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29150"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29150"},{"taxonomy":"insight_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clearseas.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/insight_type?post=29150"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}